Análise mecânica e microestrutural de placas de compósitos poliméricos reforçados com fibras da bananeira híbrida PV 0376 com orientação randômica

Abstract

The growing concern of modern society to reduce the environmental impact and the incessant search for solutions to replacement of non-renewable resources has encouraged researchers to develop sustainable materials and in this context they insert natural fibers as an alternative for the production of composites materials. This work is presenting the manufacture of plates of composite using discarded material from a banana plantation (pseudo stalk) in order to study the mechanical and microstructural behavior of a polymer composite reinforced with fibers of the banana hybrid variety PV 0376. The extraction of the fibers was performed manually and separately in three layers (CE, CI and CM), then cut into the size of 20 mm in length and 3% mass fraction of these were mixed together with unsaturated terephthalic polyester resin for the manufacture of the composite. Later, to analyze its strength, 30 specimens were made, 10 of each layer, where they were subjected to uniaxial tensile tests in the universal testing machine of the mechanical tests laboratory of the Federal University of Pará - UFPA. With the obtained data was possible to verify that the layer who showed the best result of tensile strength was the inner layer of banana hybrid PV, with the value of 29,5 MPa. After tested the samples, was made a microstructural evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to verify the prevalent failure mechanisms in the fractured region. The assessment found that the predominant failure was the pull out for composite of least resistance and the broken fibers for the most resistance.