Perfil epidemiológico de crianças de 0 a 13 anos expostas ao HIV, atendidas na casa dia, em Belém - Pará

Abstract

The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a gradual and fatal illness, that lately increases its incidence in the feminine sex, and also raising the number of infected children. In the pediatric age, AIDS presents itself generally in an unspecific form, requiring that the health area professionals are always alert to the illness signals and indicative symptoms. Objective: Establish the clinical-epidemiological the pediatric patients profile exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Methods: Transversal study, descriptive, retrospective of children displayed to the HIV, taken care of at the Centro de Atenção Saúde em Doenças Infecciosas Adquiridas (Casa Dia), in Belém - Pará - Brazil, from August of 1998 to January of 2006. Results: 113 cases of children displayed to the HIV has been studied, with infection in 38.0% and without positive sorology in 31,9%. The majority of the infected children was admitted from 2 to 5 years old, while the children not infected, the most were admitted in the neonatal period (52.7%). It didn’t have difference relevant statistic between the sex. The origin city more frequent was Belém (78.8%), being Icoaraci the main quarter (16.9%). In 61,1% of the mothers the age was between 21 and 30 years old, 59% had sexual exposition and 9% of them related blood transfusion. The vertical transmission occurred in 95,5% of the cases. The most of the children infected mothers had their diagnosis discovered after pregnancy (62.8%) and the not infected, the majority discovered during the pregnancy (72.2%). Among the cases who realized complete prophylaxis, 44,5% not infected and among the patients who not realized prophylaxis, 89,4% infected. More more frequent clinical manifestations had been IVAS (81.4%) and dermatological affections (57.5%). In admition, there was some immunological alteration in 58,0% of infected patients. The therapeutic scheme more commonly used in the infected children, was the association of 2 ITRN (42.2%). During the evolution, three (2.7%) infected patients had evolved to death and the others 113 (97.3%) are in accompaniment at Casa Dia. Conclusion: It is necessary to have investment in the maternal prophylaxis, realization of adequate prenatal, precocious maternal diagnostic for the HIV infection and the establishment of the protocol, in order to decrease infantile infection probability.