Projeto de uma bancada didática para a determinação do fator de amortecimento para amortecedores viscosos

Abstract

Since the vehicle shock absorber is a device developed to assist in the contact between the tire and the ground., control the movement of the springs contained in the suspension system and provide comfort to the occupants of the vehicle through the dissipation of vibrations, knowing its operating and operating parameters is something important. The manufacturers of the same, in most cases, do not provide data such as the stiffness coefficient of the springs and the damping constant. Based on that, this work consists in the development of an equipment for measuring the damping coefficient of viscous dampers. The device was designed based on a mass-spring-damper model, with one degree of freedom, which works with the oscillations resulting from the resonance of a bi-supported beam with a load concentrated in the middle, where the damper absorbs the vibrations and the signal analyzer provides the necessary data for the definition of the damping factor through the mathematical method. The dimensioning of the components was made considering not only the mathematical aspect, but also the versatility that the equipment should have to allow the use of different dampers. The behavior of the device was analyzed using the finite element method, in relation to the natural frequencies of vibration (modal analysis) and the amplitude of the beam and the behavior of the damper (harmonic analysis), thus being able to validate its operation, despite the difficulty of Obtaining data on dampers, for comparisons, the result obtained is reliable, since the data used have relatively small uncertainties.