2020-03-102020-03-102020-01-14LIMA, Isabela Farias. Diagnóstico ambiental e ocorrência de voçorocas associadas a atividade mineral nas sub-bacias formadoras do médio rio Guamá. Orientadora: Aline Maria Meiguins de Lima. 2020. 53 f. Trabalho de Curso (Bacharelado em Geologia) - Faculdade de Geologia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará. Belém, 2020. Disponível em: https://bdm.ufpa.br:8443/jspui/handle/prefix/3111. Acesso em:.https://bdm.ufpa.br/handle/prefix/3111Erosion is a naturally occurring process; however, mining, farming, deforestation and other anthropogenic activities can accentuate erosion. This study aimed to diagnose the natural and anthropogenic conditions of the sub-basins of the middle course of the Guamá river and the occurrence of gullies resulting from mineral activity linked to sewage. For this, a theoretical and cartographic secondary database was elaborated, which allowed the composition of a data set related to geology, pedology, geomorphological units, climate, land use and land cover and hydrography of the study area. In a second phase, gully mapping was carried out in the mining areas of the Middle Guamá river basin. The study area was selected from high spatial resolution images of the RapidEye and GeoEye satellites. According to the results found, it was observed that the basin is mostly composed of lithological units belonging to the Barreiras Formation (conglomerate and sandstones) and Post-Barrier sediments (clay, silt and fine sand). Eight geomorphological units were individualized that allowed a better analysis of the basin, from the factors of: equilibrium processes, equilibrium states and geomorphological compartments; they grouped it into 2 sets of models: dissection by the effect of rainfall (units I, III, IV, VI, VII and VIII); and dissection by the effect of river drainage (units II and V). Rainfall data indicated higher rainfall rates from February to April and lower rates from July to November, making it a region more conducive to runoff than infiltration due to the high rainfall. The basin has 6th-order drainage network and main orientation E-W and N-S. The pedology of the region consists of oxisols developed from Barreiras Formation sediments, gleysols located near the Guamá river and argisols with occurrence related to Gurupi Belt lands. The land use and land cover classes identified were: forest area (29.93%), agricultural area (4.66%), reforestation (0.12%), secondary vegetation (12.17%), pasture (49, 39%), exposed soil (1.56%), mineral exploration area (0.82%), weir / lake (0.045%), river (0.48%) and city + village + industrial complex + rural property ( 0.77%); The result revealed an area with intense agricultural and extractive activities, and the presence of preserved vegetation areas associated with the river banks. It was also identified and mapped 10 gullies in the watershed, inserted in the sub-basins: Igarapé Açú, Igarapé Curuçá, Igarapé Grande and Igarapé João Alves. The gullies were grouped and described by region in each sub-basin and were classified as follows: as for the type - 9 disconnected gullies and one of the connected type; the shape - 4 branched gullies, 5 irregular and one linear; and as for volume - 6 small gullies, one very small, one medium, one large and one very large. The result revealed that the evolution of the gullies of the mining areas in the basin are favored by the controlling factors: erosivity by rainwater action; the erodibility caused by the disruption of land cover, as well as the effects of anthropism on the modification of the original relief morphology.Acesso AbertoGeologia AmbientalGeoprocessamentoErosão (Pará)VoçorocasMineraçãoEnvironmental geologyGeoprocessingErosion (Pará)GulliesMiningCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOLOGIATrabalho de Curso - Graduação - Monografia