2026-06-192026-06-192025-11-07LEAL, Lucas da Silva Ferreira. Comunicações 5G e 6G para trens de alta velocidade. Orientador: Diogo Lobato Acatauassú Nunes. 2025. 59 f. Trabalho de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia de Computação) – Faculdade de Engenharia da Computação, Campus Universitário de Castanhal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, 2025. Disponível em: https://bdm.ufpa.br/handle/prefix/9632. Acesso em:.https://bdm.ufpa.br/handle/prefix/9632Wireless communication in high-speed trains (HS) imposes unique challenges arising from extreme mobility, such as the severe Doppler effect, rapid channel variation, and high signal penetration loss. This monograph aims to investigate and analyze technological solutions to mitigate these problems within the context of 5G networks and with a perspective towards 6G. To this end, enabling technologies such as Macro-and-Relay network architectures, OFDM modulation with adaptive numerologies, and the Cell-Free Massive MIMO system are addressed. The work includes two performance evaluations: the first, via simulation in OCTAVE based on the 3GPP TS 38.101 model, quantifies the impact of the Doppler shift in different scenarios of speed and Subcarrier Spacing; the second, in an OCTAVE environment, analyzes the spectral efficiency of a Cell-Free Massive MIMO system inside the train car under different user densities. The results confirm that a wider SCS increases robustness against the Doppler effect and that, in the indoor scenario, inter-user interference is the limiting factor for individual performance as the network approaches its maximum capacity. It is concluded that overcoming current challenges requires an integrated approach and that, for 6G, the exploration of terahertz (THz) bands and the massive use of artificial intelligence (AI) will be essential to manage ultra-high mobility, enabling the implementation of predictive handovers and proactive resource allocation.Acesso AbertoCell-Free Massive MIMOEfeito DopplerTrens de alta velocidadeDoppler effectHigh-speed trainCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAOTrabalho de Curso - Graduação - Monografia