2025-04-232025-04-232025-03-31NASCIMENTO, Bruna Gabriele Cardoso. Marcadores mitocondriais para identificação da diversidade de Anostomidae. Orientadora: Grazielle Fernanda Evangelista Gomes, Coorientadora: Ivana Barbosa Veneza. 2025. 48 f. Trabalho de Curso (Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas) – Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas. Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança-PA, 2025. Disponível em: https://bdm.ufpa.br/handle/prefix/7999. Acesso em: .https://bdm.ufpa.br/handle/prefix/7999The family Anostomidae, composed of neotropical freshwater fish, stands out for its diversity and ecological and economic importance in the areas where they occur. However, it is a controversial group regarding the actual recorded diversity, complex phylogenetic relationships, and problematic species identification. In light of this, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of mitochondrial fragments for species determination within Anostomidae. To achieve this, the research was conducted at ten locations, where 127 individuals were sampled. Mitochondrial fragments of the Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI) and Control Region (CR) were amplified from these samples. Representatives of haplotypes from both genetic regions studied were compared in public sequence databases, along with the application of phylogenetic identification, based on cladogram topology, assisted by morphological identification. The results showed that the COI gene had limitations in distinguishing species based on comparisons in public sequence databases, as indicated by the high genetic similarity among multiple species, which was further supported by Bayesian Inference of this fragment, where the clades did not show distinct arrangements at the species and genus level. On the other hand, the phylogenetic analysis based on the CR revealed better resolution for discriminating the genera Leporinus, Megaleporinus, and Schizodon, as well as species, in agreement with morphological identification. However, the scarcity of CR sequences in public databases limited its applicability for molecular identification of Anostomidae. Thus, the use of this mitochondrial fragment appears promising as an alternative, when combined with morphology, to improve the identification and delimitation of Anostomidae, and, in this way, could contribute to taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of the group.Acesso AbertoCOIRegião ControleIdentificação MolecularLeporinusMegaleporinusSchizodonControl RegionMolecular IdentificationCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA::GENETICA ANIMALTrabalho de Curso - Graduação - MonografiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International